What is the District Attorney’s Constitutional Duty to Disclose Evidence?

Prosecutors have both a statutory and Constitutional duty to provide discovery to the defense. In discussing their Constitutional duty, it's important to consider the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case, Brady v. Maryland (1963). This case established a significant precedent regarding prosecutorial disclosure obligations. In Brady, the Court ruled that prosecutors must disclose any evidence that is favorable to the accused and material to either guilt or punishment.

This decision extends beyond the basic requirements of fairness and due process, emphasizing the constitutional rights of defendants to a fair trial. Prosecutors have a duty not only to pursue convictions but also to ensure that justice is served, which includes disclosing evidence that may undermine their case or exonerate the accused.

The Brady rule imposes a high standard of disclosure on district attorneys, requiring them to actively seek out and provide any potentially exculpatory evidence to the defense. This obligation involves not only evidence in the possession of the prosecutor but also evidence held by other government agencies involved in the investigation.

Failure to comply with the Brady rule can have serious consequences, potentially resulting in convictions being overturned or prosecutorial sanctions. As such, prosecutors must be diligent in their disclosure obligations, recognizing the pivotal role they play in upholding the principles of justice and fairness in the criminal justice system. Brady v. Maryland serves as a constant reminder of the importance of transparency and integrity in prosecutorial conduct, ensuring that defendants receive a fair trial and are not unjustly deprived of their liberty.